![]() There may be swelling over the temporomandibular joint region and bleeding from the ear because of lacerations to the external auditory meatus. Unilateral condylar fracture may cause restricted and painful jaw movement. This type of fractured mandible can involve one condyle (unilateral) or both (bilateral). For fractures that occur in the non-tooth bearing area (condyle, ramus, and sometimes the angle) an open bite is an important clinical feature since little else, other than swelling, may be apparent. Sometimes bruising will develop in the floor of the mouth (sublingual eccymosis) and the fracture can be moved by moving either side of the fracture segment up and down. In the case of a unilateral condylar fracture the back teeth on the side of the fracture will meet and the open bite will get progressively greater towards the other side of the mouth. There can be an open bite where the lower teeth, no longer meet the upper teeth. Intraorally, if the fracture occurs in the tooth bearing area, a step may seen between the teeth on either side of the fracture or a space can be seen (often mistaken for a lost tooth) and bleeding from the gingiva in the area. There can be numbness or altered sensation ( anesthesia/ paraesthesia in the chin and lower lip (the distribution of the mental nerve). Mouth opening can be diminished (less than 3 cm). Condylar fractures are deep, so it is rare to see significant swelling although, the trauma can cause fracture of the bone on the anterior aspect of the external auditory meatus so bruising or bleeding can sometimes be seen in the ear canal. Outside the mouth, signs of swelling, bruising and deformity can all be seen. Other symptoms may include loose teeth (teeth on either side of the fracture will feel loose because the fracture is mobile), numbness (because the inferior alveolar nerve runs along the jaw and can be compressed by a fracture) and trismus (difficulty opening the mouth). People will also be very sensitive to touching the area of the jaw that is broken, or in the case of condylar fracture the area just in front of the tragus of the ear. The teeth are very sensitive to pressure ( proprioception), so even a small change in the location of the teeth will generate this sensation. Signs and symptoms General īy far, the two most common symptoms described are pain and the feeling that teeth no longer correctly meet (traumatic malocclusion, or disocclusion). The evidence to support this practice however, is poor. People are often put on antibiotics such as penicillin for a brief period of time. ![]() A number of surgical techniques may be used including maxillomandibular fixation and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). ![]() Occasionally people may go home and follow up for surgery in the next few days. Immediate surgery is not necessarily required. While a diagnosis can occasionally be made with plain X-ray, modern CT scans are more accurate. The most common area of fracture is at the condyle (36%), body (21%), angle (20%) and symphysis (14%). Rarely they may be due to osteonecrosis or tumors in the bone. This can include a fall onto the chin or a hit from the side. Mandibular fractures are typically the result of trauma. Mandibular fractures occur most commonly among males in their 30s. ![]() Often the teeth will not feel properly aligned or there may be bleeding of the gums. It may result in a decreased ability to fully open the mouth. In about 60% of cases the break occurs in two places. Mandibular fracture, also known as fracture of the jaw, is a break through the mandibular bone. One is a displaced right angle fracture and the other is a left parasymphyseal fracture.ĭecreased ability to open the mouth, teeth will not align properly, bleeding of the gums 3D computed tomographic image of a mandible fracture in two places. ![]()
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